Kordun
Until October 1991, the region of Kordun, in the geostrategic sense, constituted a
territorial discontinuity between Banija province and the eastern parts of the phantom
republic of "Krajina". Parts of Kordun that administratively fall under the
district of Vojnic were from the start of the Serbian uprising merged with the occupied
territory, while an enormous part remained under Croatian government control, i.e. part of
Karlovac district and Slunj district.
Slunj region (63.8 % Croats) found itself wedged between Vojnic district (with a Serb
majority) to the north and Korenica, in Lika, (also with a Serb majority) to the South.
Signals that the area would not be spared by Serb aggression were seen in August 1991
when on August 4, three Croatian policemen on patrol were ambushed and killed along the
Karlovac-Slunj road near Budacka village, Rijeka.
The first settlement to be attacked was the village of Saborsko (82.7 % Croat),
followed in September 1991 by Dreznik Grad (82.7 % Croat) and Vaganac (Vaganac Lower, 48.4
% Croat, Vaganac Upper 99 % Croat).
All aggression was executed according to a well-established sequence, beginning with
verbal and psychological pressure, followed by armed provocations and mortar fire, and
later to culminate in killings, looting, property-burning and expulsion of survivors.
Several people were killed in the village of Vukmanic while Vaganac was practically
levelled to the ground. After the majority of houses had been destroyed using cannon fire
and the citizens expelled, Serb forces used tanks and other weapons to finish what had not
been devastated in the village of Vagranac, in a bid to obliterate all traces of Croatian
existence in the area.
At almost the same time - October 1991 - similar crimes against humanity took place in
Saborsko village. The village of Rakovica (87.7 % Croat), an ancient centre of Kordun was
next on the Serbian list of obliteration.
The "cleansing" of Kordun was a gradual and systematic process. Surrounding
villages in the district of Slunj were first on the list of ethnic cleansing, including
the neighbouring ones in Korenica district, followed by villages next to the district
centre of Slunj. Finally, in mid-October, the city of Slunj itself (56.7 % Croat) was
occupied. An enormous section of the Croatian population was forced to flee their homes
and join the vast numbers of displaced Croatians, while the "ethnically
cleansed" Kordun was proclaimed part of the so-called "Serbian Autonomous Region
of Krajina".
Besides difficulties that arose from the ethnic encirclement of Slunj district and its
surroundings, the notorious military testing ground, located southwest of Slunj, to which
the command of the V. army was shifted from Zagreb, posed an extra threat to the existence
of Croats in the Slunj region. The powerful military potential here, with its support of
Serbian terrorists, was a source of Croatian anxiety.