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IN DEFENCE OF THE RIGHTLESS

by Dr. Franjo Komarica

Original title: U OBRANI OBESPRAVLJENIH

Documents selected by: Ivica Bozinovic M.A.
Copyright: Bishop's Ordinary of Banja Luka
Publishers: Bishop's Ordinary of Banja Luka, Croatian Heritage Foundation
For the publisher: Ivica Bozinovic, M.A.
Editor: Aleksander Ravlic
Translators: Snjezana Pezer, Bruna Saric
Language Editor: Bruna Saric
Graphic Editor: Gorana Benic Hudjin
Cover: Aleksander Ravlic
Printed by: TARGA Zagreb
Copies printed: 2000
ISBN 953-6525-06-02


INCOMPLETE CHRONICLE OF EVENTS IN THE BANJA LUKA DIOCESE DURING THE WAR YEARS FROM 1991 TO 1995

1991

August
- the district church in the village of Gornje Civcije (Banja Luka municipality) - damaged and looted

September
- 20th - attack on the parish church in Bosanski Aleksandrovac (laktasi municipality)
- 21st - serious physical attack on parish priest and parish staff in the Bosanska Gradiska parish and the presbytery ransacked
-four innocent Catholics killed in the parish, two Catholic houses completely destroyed with explosives
- 23rd - attack on the parish church in Mahovljani (Laktasi municipality); significant damage sustained to church and presbytery

October
- 2nd - sniper attack on convent in Bosanski Aleksandrovac (Laktasi municipality)
- 8th - attack on parish church in Nova Topola (Bosanska Gradiska municipality), material damage sustained
- 24th - attack on presbytery and church in Trn (Laktasi municipality) - the parish priest Friar Blaz Markovic is lightly wounded
- 30th - two shells fired on parish church in Nova Topola (Bosanska Gradiska municipality), serious material damage sustained
- 30th - attack on church in Bosanski Aleksandrovac (Laktasi municipality), material damage sustained

November
- 8th - attack on affiliate church in Celinovac (Bosanska Gradiska municipality), material damage
- 11th - convent in Nova Topola attacked

December
- 2nd - at around 4 p.m., shots fired on church in Bosanski Aleksandrovac, material damage
- 7th - attack on monastery in Bosanski Aleksandrovac (Laktasi municipality), material damage
- 11th - shots fired on presbytery in Bosanski Aleksandrovac
- 14th - light artillery shots fired at entrance to parish church in Nova Topola (Bosanska Gradiska municipality)
- 27th - light artillery attack on convent in Nova Topola (Bosanska Gradiska municipality), material damage sustained


1992

January
- 1st - light artillery attack on convent in Nova Topola (Bosanska Gradiska municipality)
- 3rd - light artillery attack on presbytery in Bosanski Aleksandrovac

February
- 5th - desecration of Catholic cemetery in village of Doline (Prijedor municipality)
- 21st - light artillery attack on church and monastery in Bosanski Aleksandrovac
- 24th - Dr Alojzije Kelava murdered in Glamoc (Glamoc municipality)
- 26th - house burned down in village of Dolina (Bosanska Gradiska municipality); the body of Ilija Marinovic, owner of the house, whose head and limbs had previously been cut off, also burned
- three houses belonging to Croat Catholics are mined, one person disappears

April
- parish church in Glamoc destroyed; heavily damaged and devastated presbytery (Glamoc municipality)
- 12th - parish priest of Glamoc (Glamoc municipality) Zvonimir Matijevic arrested by members of the Knin corps and taken to Knin where, although totally innocent, he is tortured. Doctors in the Knin hospital with great difficulty save his life

May
- damaged parish church in Dolina (Bosanska Gradiska municipality)
- damaged district churches in Gradina and Novo Selo (Bosanska Gradiska municipality)
- armed attack on parish priest and parish pastoral centre in the parish of Banja Luka-Budzak (Banja Luka municipality)
- 12th - parish priest from the village of Dragalovci (Doboj municipality) Marko Salic taken to prison camp "Bare" in Doboj. Remains in prison 80 days. Severely tortured (subsequently dies from injuries sustained)
- 14th - garage (and car) and several farm buildings of the Greek Catholic parish in the centre of Banja Luka burned down
- district church in Bosanska Krupa burned down

June
- district churches in the villages of Kovacic, Strupnic and Celebic (Livno municipality) heavily damaged by shells
- 15th - parish priest of Ljubija (Prijedor municipality) Stipo Sosic taken to prison camp in Omarska (then to Manjaca) - suffers abuse for 80 days
- repeated armed attack on Catholic pastoral centre in the Banja Luka-Budzak parish
- 16th - four armed men take parish priest Ratko Grgic from his presbytery in Nova Topola (Bosanska Gradiska municipality) in a white "VW Golf" towards the village of Laminci. From then on all trace of him is lost - unofficially killed!
- 16th - at about 10 p.m., the same armed foursome violently enters the convent and abuses the sisters all night
- 17th - forceful entry and looting of presbytery in Nova Topola (Bosanska Gradiska municipality)
- pastoral centre burned and parish church in Liskovica (Mrkonjic Grad municipality) razed
- district churches in the villages of Donja Ravska and Ovanjska (Prijedor municipality) burned
- parish church in Bosanski Grahovac razed; pastoral centre damaged and devastated
- 28th - farm buildings belonging to convent in Nova Topola set on fire causing great damage
- the new monumental parish church in Kotor Varos burned

July
- affiliate church in the village of Bilice heavily damaged (Kotor Varos municipality)
- 5th - parish church in Mahovljani (Laktasi municipality) attacked, material damage sustained
- 14th - parish church in Bosanska Dubica mined
- district church in Bosanska Kostajnica (Bosanska Dubica municipality) burned
- heavily damaged and devastated church in Bosanski Novi
- between 23rd and 30th - the army demolishes and loots the new parish pastoral centre in Ljubija (Prijedor municipality)
- partially burned, damaged and devastated parish church in Ljubija (Prijedor municipality)
- 25th - horrifying massacre committed of innocent inhabitants of the village of Brisevo (Prijedor municipality), 68 elderly people, women and children killed in their houses and in their yards
- completely burned down church and presbytery in Brisevo (Prijedor municipality)
- between 26th and 27th - some 150 people massacred at Ljubija's "Kipe" mine (Prijedor municipality)
- 28th - a further 14 people killed at the "Kipe" mine (Prijedor municipality), and then nine Romanies (gypsies), who were previously forced to bury the already mentioned fourteen, are killed

August
- 1st - the Bishop and two priests seriously abused on the way from Banja Luka to Sanski Most
- 2nd - the Greek Catholic church in Prnjavor razed with explosives
- 1st/2nd - the Roman Catholic parish church mined, the parish pastoral centre in Kulasi (Prnjavor municipality) damaged
- forced entry into affiliate church in Stivor (Prnjavor municipality)
- parish church in the parish of Dragalovci (Doboj municipality) heavily damaged and looted; presbytery devastated
- in the past two months more frequent threats to the lives of the priests, monks and nuns on the territory of the Banja Luka municipality (parish priest in Budzak, monks of the monastery in Petricevac, nuns of the convent in Marticeva Street)
- more frequent damage and desecration to religious buildings in the Banja Luka municipality (pastoral parish centre in Budzak four times; Petricevac monastery; convent, parish church and rectory garage in Marticeva Street; shots from fire arms at the Cathedral tower)
- searches of church buildings conducted without warrants: pastoral centre in Budzak, Petricevac convent, Trappist monastery, Bishop's ordinary and Bishop's residence, Caritas premises
- theft of medicine and sanitary goods from the warehouse of the diocesan Caritas
- confiscation of eight Caritas trucks on their way to pick up food and medicines
- violation of basic human rights and liberties of a large number of members of the Catholic Church
- 5th - ultimatum given to the Catholic inhabitants of the Dolina parish (Bosanska Gradiska municipality) to move out of the area immediately
- more than 500 of the faithful of the Surkovac parish (Prijedor municipality) condemned to forced "voluntary" resettlement
- Bishop Komarica endures several incidents of serious abuse; he receives death threats
- 29th - total destruction of parish church in Prijedor due to explosives
- district church in the village of Rekavice (Banja Luka municipality) razed
- district church in Celinac (Celinac municipality) razed
- belfry of the burned parish church devastated and heavily damaged parish pastoral centre in Kotor Varos

September
- 3rd - Mr Marijan Vistica, President of the Parish Pastoral Council, member of the Pastoral Council of the Banja Luka diocese, and member of the B-H parliament for the Banja Luka region, is kidnapped and murdered in Bosanska Gradiska
- heavily damaged parish church in the village of Sokoline, district church in the villages of Orahova and Rujevica and the presbytery in the village of Sokoline (all in the Kotor Varos municipality)
- destroyed district church in the village of Cerovljani (Bosanska Gradiska municipality)
- heavily damaged church in Kozarec (Prijedor municipality)
- damaged pastoral centre in Vrbanjci (Kotor Varos municipality)
- destroyed district churches in the villages of Kijevo i Kljevci (Sanski Most municipality)
- destroyed district church in the village of Bukvik (Bosanska Gradiska municipality)

October
- 2nd-5th - heavy artillery bombardment of the parishes of Kotor Varos, Sokoline and Vrbanjci (Kotor Varos municipality)
- 7th - Miroslav Maric (Banja Luka) killed in his own house in the suburb of Petricevac
- 18th - large, newly reconstructed parish church in Mrkonjic Grad burned
- destroyed parish church in Jajce, heavily damaged and devastated Franciscan monastery
- district church in the village of Barevo (Jajce municipality) set on fire

November
- 1st - Joso Anusic attacked and tortured in his own home in the suburb of Barlovci (Banja Luka municipality) - he dies one month later from the injuries sustained
- 2nd - Petar Jurendic, parish priest in Mrkonjic Grad dies as a result of the physical abuse received
- 8th - Ivan Grgic, parish priest in the village of Ravska near Ljubija (Prijedor municipality) killed
- massacre of 15 civilians in the villages of Skrljevita, Poljak, Kruhari (Sanski Most municipality), Simici (Banja Luka municipality), Bascina (Kotor Varos municipality)
- physical abuse and mutilation of the young and elderly and even the ill (Stara Rijeka, Prijedor, Sasina, Tomasica, Stranjani, Bosanska Gradiska, Dolina, Catrnja, Ljubija, Banja Luka, Kulasi, Dragalovci)
- 11th - total destruction of new large parish church in the village of Stara Rijeka with explosives, presbytery heavily damaged (Sanski Most municipality)
- attacks on church buildings in Sanski Most, Barlovci and Budzak (Banja Luka municipality), Prnjavor, Stivor, Ralutinac, Kulasi (Prnjavor municipality), Majdan (Mrkonjic Grad municipality), Kljuc, Bosanski Aleksandrovac and Trn (Laktasi municipality), Celinac - often with human casualties
- arson of houses and farm buildings in Stara Rijeka, Sasina, Sanski Most (Sanski Most municipality), Brisevo, Surkovac, (Prijedor municipality), Bosanska Gradiska, Dolina (Bosanska Gradiska municipality), Kotor Varos, Liskovica (Mrkonjic Grad municipality), Kljuc, Prijedor, Bosanska Dubica, Petricevac, Barlovci (Banja Luka municipality), Nova Topola (Bosanska Gradiska municipality), Prnjavor, Kulasi (Prnjavor municipality)
- several tens of thousands faithful of the wider Banja Luka region expelled from their homeland (more than a third of the total number!)
- district church in the village of Catrnja (Bosanska Gradiska municipality) mined
- district church in the village of Tomasica (Sanski Most municipality) mined

December
- 15th - Marko and Borka Jerkovic killed in their house in the suburb of Petricevac (Banja Luka)
- damaged district churches in the villages of Ralutinac and Macino Brdo (Prnjavor municipality)


1993

January
- 1st - parish church in Kljuc burned
- 7th - attack on Cathedral in Banja Luka, serious material damage
- 8th - Anto Josipovic killed in his own house in the suburb of Petricevac (Banja Luka municipality)
- 9th - parish priest of the village of Dragalovci, Marko Salic dies as a result of torture while in prison

February
- 2nd - Stipo Lukenda of the suburb of Barlovci (Banja Luka) taken away, killed, burned
- 9th - heavily damaged district church in the village of Micije (Bosanska Gradiska)
- 9th - forced entry into convent in Bosanska Gradiska and abuse of Catholic nuns
- 10th - army and police pull down church tower and walls of burned parish church in Kljuc
- attack on parish pastoral centre, direct threats to the lives of the parish priest and pastoral staff and other faithful in the parish of Budzak-Dervisi (Banja Luka)
- 19th - attack on monastery in Petricevac (Banja Luka), great material damage
- 16th and 19th - attacks on the house of the nuns in the suburb of Budzak (Banja Luka) - material damage serious
- 17th, 18th and 18th - triple attack on the nun's convent in the suburb of Budzak (V. Vitjuka Street, Banja Luka), great material damage
- forced entry into houses of the faithful, physical abuse and looting by armed groups in Banja Luka, particularly in the districts of Paprikovac, Budzak III, Cesma, Sargovac, Budzak I, Dervisi and in Rudarska Street and J. Savinovica Street,
- 25th - church in Catrnja (Bosanska Gradiska) completely razed to the ground

March
- 3rd - large parish church in Surkovac (Prijedor) mined - the pastoral centre and presbytery also damaged
- district church in the village of Doline (Prnjavor municipality) mined
- 24th - Ivo Bartulovic, Tomo Anusic and Vid Anusic killed in the district of Barlovci (Banja Luka)
- 25th - Stjepan and Marija Vidakovic killed in their house in the district of Barlovci (Banja Luka)
- Ukrainian (Greek Catholic) nuns forced to leave their convent in Banja Luka - Budzak

April
- 10th - Vilma and Franjo Pranjko, an elderly couple, killed in Jajce
- 14th - Adolf Kezic killed in his house in the district of Petricevac (Banja Luka)
- night between 18 and 19 - the elderly Ilija and Julka Matkovic killed in their house in Dolina (Bosanska Gradiska)
- 25th - an 80 year old lady Janja Bumbar killed at about 1:30 a.m. in her own house in the district of Barlovci (Banja Luka)
- 26th - Juro Barusic, church committeeman, killed in his own house in the district of Petricevac (Banja Luka)
- district church in the village of Ducipolje destroyed (Banja Luka municipality)

May
- Drago Simunovic killed in Jajce
- Anto Lipovac killed in the district of Barlovci (Banja Luka)
- Mirko and Ana Juric, Ana Solaja, Stipica Tukaric, Ilija Juric, Mande Gavranovic killed in their houses in the village of Surkovac (Prijedor)
- 5th - armed attack on district church in the district of Novakovici (Banja Luka), one wall destroyed
- 7th - church in the village of Novakovici (Banja Luka) attacked again with explosive device, extensive damage sustained
- 7th - oldest mosque in Banja Luka (400 years) destroyed
- 8th - Manda and Niko Kovacevic (mother and son) killed in their house in the district of Motike (Banja Luka)

June

- 28th - parish church in the parish of Sasina (Sanski Most) mined
- extensive damage incurred to the already damaged district church in the village of Kuljani (Banja Luka)
- heavily damaged district church in the village of Matica brdo - parish of Dragalovci (Doboj)

July
- 7th - attack on presbytery and parish staff in the village of Vrbanjci (Kotor Varos)
- nightly forced entry of armed groups into houses of Catholics, abuse of innocent civilians and theft of all that can be carted away in the parish of Surkovac (Prijedor municipality)
- continued abuse of all faithful in the district of Novakovici (Banja Luka) and destruction of property
- district church in the village of Drenova (Prnjavor municipality) mined and no longer in function

September
- 26th - Janja Domazet (71 years old) found with her throat cut in the centre of Banja Luka

October
- 2nd - the entire Malcevic family murdered: father Tomislav (1928), mother Zora, born Lipovac (1934) and their son Marin (1978), in the village of Ramici - parish of Barlovci (Banja Luka)
- evictions and destruction of property continue in the villages of Ramici, Kuljani, Matosevci and Barlovci (parish of Barlovci), Stratinska, Prijecani (Banja Luka)

December
- pressure on the faithful to leave growing, particularly in the parishes of Banja Luka, Petricevac, Barlovci, Ivanjska, Stratinska, Budzak, Presnace (all in the Banja Luka municipality), Bosanska Gradiska, Stara Rijeka (Sanski Most municipality)


1994

January
- 5th - Ivka and Kata Maljur beaten and burglarised in their own home; the same night, Marija Mandalo beaten in the parish of Kotor Varos (Kotor Varos municipality)
- 20th - attack on parish pastoral centre in Trn, extensive material damage
- Mato and Ruza Mandic and Anto Vujicic badly beaten in their own homes in the parish of Kotor Varos (Kotor Varos municipality)

February
- 6th - Slavko Kasljevic killed in his own home in the district of Zaluzani, parish of Barlovci (Banja Luka)
- night between 9th and 10th - Mato Barukcic (son of Andro), an old man of 83, killed in his own home in which he lived alone in the parish of Dragalovci (Doboj municipality)
- by the middle of the month, some 130 Catholics of the Banja Luka municipality (mostly Croats), born 1938 onwards, are forcefully mobilised; mobilisation orders received by those who have previously been proclaimed not able for military duty, as well as those who are still in school
- 17th - Andro Cancar (66 years old) died as a result of the beating he receives in the parish of Dragalovci (Doboj municipality)
- 25th - pastoral centre in Trn (Laktasi municipality) attacked with heavy artillery; extensive material damage

March

- 3rd - pastoral centre in Barlovci parish (Banja Luka) attacked, material damage sustained
- 12th and 13th - pastoral centre of the Banja Luka-Budzak parish (Banja Luka) attacked; material damage sustained
- continued desecration and destruction of Catholic graves and cemeteries often with the knowledge and silent approval of the district police in the parishes of Marija Zvijezda and Petricevac in Banja Luka, Barlovci (Banja Luka) and Trn (Laktasi), Vrbanjci, Kotor Varos (Kotor Varos), Dragalovci (Doboj), Prnjavor, Mahovljani (Laktasi), Bosanska Gradiska

April
- 8th - Viktor Kalizan (37 years old) killed in Gornja Dolina (Bosanska Gradiska)
- physical abuse of Catholics and looting of their houses continues in Kotor Varos
- mobilisation of all able men is carried out in the village of Dragalovci, Doboj municipality; the men are deployed on the Ozren front

May
- Anto Anic mutilated in his house in Banja Luka
- 18th - Zora Pranjic killed and her husband Pejo wounded by fire arms in their own house in the district of Novakovici (Banja Luka)
- 19th - Zvonko Dujmenovic killed, his wife Jelena dies from her wounds and their son Zoran heavily wounded in their house in Banja Luka
- non-Serbian population continue to taken away to labour camps in war zones; evictions continue

September
- 27th - Ivo Corkovic of the Barlovci parish (Banja Luka) killed while on work duty
- 28th - Petar Josipovic of Ivanjska parish (Banja Luka) killed while on work duty
- 29th - parish pastoral centre in Trn (Laktasi municipality) attacked and set on fire for the 34th time

December
- 6th - a group of 250 Croat Catholics (Banja Luka) taken away to be live shields on the Glamoc and Grahovo fronts
- 25th - on Christmas day, 24 men are captured in front of the parish church in the district of Barlovci (Banja Luka) and physically abused all day on official police and army premises in Banja Luka


1995

February
- sadistic acts committed against elderly people, looting and destruction of their property: I. and A.K. of the village of Abrici, M. and R.D. of the village of Kozara, R.R. of Ivanjska, M.S. of Dragocaj (Banja Luka municipality)
- violent evictions, looting in the parishes of Ivanjska, Simici and Barlovci (Banja Luka)

May
- 4th - remaining Catholic nuns of the convents in Nova Topola (Bosanska Gradiska) and Bosanska Aleksandrovac (Laktasi) kidnapped and forcefully expelled
- 4th - Bishop Komarica ordered to remain under house arrest by authorities of the RS
- 5th - district church in Vujnovici (Banja Luka municipality) set on fire
- 7th - Franciscan monastery set on fire and destroyed and parish church pulled down in the district of Petricevac; monks and priests violently evicted; Friar Alojzije Atlija (83 years old) murdered; district church in Sargovac pulled own (all in Banja Luka municipality)
- 8th - district church in Majdan (Mrkonjic Grad municipality) set on fire
- 12th - parish church and diocesan shrine mined; parish pastoral centre in the district of Presnace (Banja Luka) destroyed in fire; parish priest and guardian of the shrine Filip Lukenda and pastoral assistant, sister Cecilija Grgic killed and burned
- 14th - heavily damaged church tower and church with explosives in Durbica brdo, parish of Motike (Banja Luka)
- 15th - elderly couple Franjo (65) and Zlata (64) Grgic killed in their home in the parish of Motike (Banja Luka)
- 17th - physical abuse of parish priest and nun in the parish pastoral centre of Trn
- parish church in Trn mined; parish centre set on fire three times (Laktasi)
- 27th - forceful deportation of the peaceable, innocent and unprotected autochtonous Croat Catholics in the districts of Sargovac, Prijecani, Vujnovici, Novakovici, Kuljani, Zaluzani, Dervisi, Budzak, Kumsale, Debeljaci, Presnace, Ramici and Dragocaj (all in the Banja Luka municipality)

June
- more than 300 families forcefully evicted from their homes on orders from the Municipal headquarters in Banja Luka
- 2nd - heavily damaged parish pastoral centre in the centre of Banja Luka
- 4th - heavily damaged parish pastoral centre in the village of Stratinska (Banja Luka)
- 4th - church in Vujnovici (Banja Luka) totally destroyed in fire
- 5th-6th - physical abuse of Catholics in Banja Luka continues
- night between 25th and 26th - destroyed and looted parish pastoral centre in the villages of Motike and Barlovci (Banja Luka)

July
- 12th - church in the district of Cesma (Banja Luka) totally destroyed in fire
- 14th - number of expelled Catholics from the Banja Luka municipality has increased to more than 800 families in the last few weeks

August
- 4th-6th - several hundred Croatian families from the Banja Luka municipality evicted; expulsions continue
- 19th - large parish church in Sanski Most mined
- 25th - parish priest Tomislav Matanovic taken from his presbytery in Prijedor and placed under house arrest with his parents in Prijedor
- pastoral centre (still under construction) in the parish of Prijedor, which served for religious gatherings and distribution of Caritas aid, pulled own
- 25th - on orders from municipal authorities, parish priest and dean of Mrkonjic Grad, Adolf Visaticki evicted from his presbytery which was used for religious services subsequent to the destruction of the parish church and parish Caritas premises

September
- from the second half of August to the first days of September - some 20,000 Catholics deported from our parishes in the wider Banja Luka region
- from 19th onwards - no trace to be found of the Reverend Mr Tomislav Matanovic, parish priest of Prijedor and his parents
- local authorities in Banja Luka confiscate the only two trucks with trailers from the diocesan Caritas whose work is now disabled

October
- 8th - devastated and destroyed churches and presbyteries in Barlovci, Stratinska, Motike (Banja Luka municipality), Kotor Varos, Dolina (Bosanska Gradiska municipality), Kulasi (Prnjavor municipality), Sasina (Sanski Most municipality)
- 20th - three innocent people killed in last 10 days in Banja Luka: one male (83), one female (61) and one youth (18)

November
- serious physical abuse and torture continue, as do evictions in Banja Luka and Kotor Varos
- in the centre of Banja Luka, I.S. (born 1912) an elderly Catholic, dies from wounds sustained, several people end up in hospital due to serious injuries
- 8th - nuns of the order of the Precious Blood of Christ forced to leave their convent in Bosanska Gradiska on orders from municipal authorities

December
- 20th - after 231 days under house arrest, Bishop Franjo Komarica allowed to leave his residence and visit the remaining priests, monks and nuns, graves of the murdered priests and nuns and the ruins of churches of monasteries in the Banja Luka area


Next: A CHRONOLOGY OF THE WAR IN BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA

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