Muhamed Zlatan Hrenovica
professor; director of Referal Center of National and University Library in Sarajevo
Referalni centar nacionalne i univerzitetske biblioteke BiH
Maka Dizdara 3
71000 Sarajevo-BOSNA I HERCEGOVINA

For the duration of the war, I have been residing in Sarajevo, with my family and three children.

With all the due respect of scholarly methodology in expressing facts regarding important topics such as these discussed in this international symposium, as the author of this account of Greater Serbian crimes in Bosnia and Herzegovina, I could not avoid the need to direct this entire factual material which I have collected to a repeated appeal for general vigilance and constant caution. All this in order that the evil which happened to us and which, unfortunately, is happening still, may, in the future, be prevented in time and hopefully altogether destroyed. Let it never again be repeated!

Therefore, this study about inhumanity will serve as a repeated plea for action into creating something humane. So, if some of my words sound harsh and or even somewhat pathetic to you rational scholars, I apologize, because I, as a direct witness to numerous bloody events in Sarajevo, am morally obligated to completely, responsibly and rationally convey a portion of the events and conditions in which the Greater Serbian criminal aggression against the contemporary, internationally recognized Bosnia and Herzegovina escalated.

Although my task is to speak about the Greater Serbian aggression against Bosnia and Herzegovina with respect to various structural aspects, we will have to, from time to time, refer to similar events in the Republic of Croatia, because just as the Croatians and Bosnian Muslims were equally endangered in Bosnia and Herzegovina, so the contemporary republics of Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina possessed similar or identical experiences in the former, so-called Yugoslavia, with respect to the same enemy - the Serbian executors of conquering plans.

The structural analysis of Greater Serbian crimes in Bosnia and Herzegovina from 1991 until 1995, clearly reveals who is behind the creation of the Greater Serbian idea of hegemony or total domination in South-eastern Europe.

The multi-disciplinary approach to the planning of and execution of these crimes indisputably points to the fact that the renewal of the Greater Serbian project brought together the vast majority of Serbians. We must immediately make it clear that Chetniks are not the only ones at question here, as part of the total personal criminal structure, but rather the significant, majority of the total Serbian national corps. Since "Nacertanije", though the crimes committed in World War II, (especially those crimes concealed because of the so-called "Yugoslav national interests"), up to today’s aggression, the domination of the Serbian Balkan lobby has been present in all spheres of life in the former so-called Yugoslavia. We must acknowledge that in the preparations and especially in the actualization of the criminal Greater Serbian project, its creators have succeeded in including all structural groups, from members of the so-called SANU to the most primitive social groups of problematic mental condition. This must be taken into consideration for the interpretation and the categorization of the manifold crimes committed in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

The SANU memorandum succeeded in assembling a great number of "imbued" Serbian intellects of all scholarly fields. This wave was transmitted analogously to other, lesser spiritual levels and up to the most massive support of the Serbian people "indoctrinated" by the Greater Serbian idea. This people had begun to suffer and was truly "endangered" by an epidemic of the "mythomania virus", which is inconceivable in a modern civilization. It was on the basis of this that all methods and forms of Greater Serbian crimes evolved. At this point, we must acknowledge a crucial fact: Serbians know themselves well. This is no surprise, nor are there exceptions! And it is in fact on the basis of these perceptions that they were able to employ all those axioms of endangerment as objectives for their crimes. In this manner, through various axiological levels, they realised a systematic group of crimes, endangering literally all the areas of life of peoples, victims of the Greater Serbian aggression.

Among reasonable people, and especially scholars, it is difficult to find a sufficiently convincing explanation for the type, cruelty and quantity of atrocities committed. For this reason, it may be very instructive to know the claim that the atrocities were based on the Serbians knowing themselves and on the knowledge the creators of these destructive ideas had of those who so devotedly carried them out. Thus, it may be suggested that fertile ground for the perception and successful reception of the mythomanic tradition was found at one level of the mental framework of the majority of Serbians, through upbringing and tradition. The mythomanic tradition, ranging from the incomprehensive celebrations of the flagrant defeat at Kosovo in 1389 to the nebulous autosuggestion that the Serbs were "divine people" are not the least bit innocent. In fact, they are based on that mental framework already mentioned. The evident level of ignorance and the innate mentality of barbarianism of the Serbs serves as the catalyst in this process.

On the other hand, all these circumstances were of advantage to the Serbs because the European and world public was completely confused by this, to them inconceivable, mythomania. The "Serbian mental chip" is not compatible with the codes of spiritual interaction of contemporary civilization, but it is certainly shocking! For this reason among others, European and world communities were late, and are still behind schedule, in decisively reacting to Serbian crimes. It is as if they still haven’t seen through or are perhaps accepting the Serbian mythological-national-chauvinistic alibi. This confusion the world is experiencing with respect to the impossibility of perceiving signals of the so-called "Serbian chip" has given the basis and the wings for their foreign affairs activities, which has to a great degree delayed and made more difficult the path to the truth. Today, fortunately, things are quite different.

The syndrome of Serbian warped notions of heroism, all-Serbian unity, racial domination and megalomaniacal claims of ownership of other people’s territories is so powerful that Serbians themselves believe in this lie, let alone the insufficiently informed world public. This gave them sufficient time to commit a great number of crimes from their bloody palette in order to paint the picture of the conquering invasion of South-eastern Europe.

PREPARATIONS FOR AGGRESSION
A part of the international community still believes that the wars on the Balkans are a type of "natural status" for the nations there. The tragedy of the people in Bosnia and Herzegovina, however, infers something quite different. What is at hand here is obviously an extensively and carefully prepared aggression executed by Serbia and Montenegro upon an internationally recognized, therefore sovereign state, endeavouring, at the price of totally destroying Bosnia and Herzegovina, to deter the plans of the citizens of Bosnian-Herzegovina to join contemporary international trends by adopting a western type of democracy. This Serbo-Montenegrin aggression, supported in the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina by paramilitary formations from Serbia and SDS terrorists, as well as by the rebellion of part of the local Serbian population, represents in fact the final attempt of the remaining communist forces, together with hegemonic and nationalistic militants and the Serbian Orthodox Church , to prevent the establishment of democratic states on the territory of the former Yugoslavia. In fact, according to the opinions of several well respected analysts, the world public is beginning to accept the attitude that the issue here is something which may be referred to as "Serbian fascism", with all the accompanying manifestations which this phenomenon implies and clearly illustrates: disrespect for the norms of international law; aggression against neighbouring, internationally recognized states, member-states of the United Nations, for the purpose of occupying their territories; unheard of genocide against the citizens of states whose land is partially occupied; persecution of political opponents, including members of other nationalities; suppression of freedom of the press and other media and placing them under the control of the state which, through war-mongering propaganda, conducts itself with arrogance and hypocrsiy towards significant international factors; the causing of uncertainty and instability in the entire region; support of extreme militant nationalism in addition to religious (orthodox) integration; introduction of national and religious intolerance and exclusivism into social relations.

Without exaggeration, it may be asserted that the appearance of Serbian fascism has been in preparation for decades. Its military manifestation in 1991, during the aggression against Slovenia and Croatia, overwhelmed the local and international communities, only to escalate especially in the spring of 1992 in the aggression against the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina. According to the opinions of some independent intellectuals and analysts, those responsible for the war are the following: The Serbian Academy of Arts and Sciences (SANU), the General Staff of the JNA (Yugoslav People’s Army), Milosevic and his government and the Serbian Orthodox Church, which blessed the daily politics. A list of institutions, associations, political parties and individuals who participated in the preparations for the war is much longer. The question, therefore, arises regarding the responsibility of the creators of the ideology, with which Milosevic established power and began the war, and of those who constantly propagated the war. Without doubt, those who are responsible are the intellectual leaders of the Serbian national movement revolving around SANU. Even Karadzic, the unsuccessful neuropsychiatrist from the Durmitor Mountain, claims that his parliament is the most intellectual in the world, considering it is comprised exclusively of university professors, doctors and quasi humanists. Karadzic himself is surely the best indication as to what kind of intellectuals they are. During a parliamentary session, one of these "humanists" stated: "It is time our glorious, chetnik troikas made a move across Europe and America, as well as throughout Serbia". As a reminder, "chetnik troikas" were, during the Second World War, Serbian terrorist groups used for the liquidation of political opponents, especially members of other nationalities. So, when a Serbian says "democracy": read "dominancy"!

THE SANU MEMORANDUM - A PLATFORM FOR AGGRESSION
In order to present, to a certain degree, the circumstances which led to today’s tragedy in Bosnia and Herzegovina, we should be reminded of some prior events. September 1986, saw the completion of the "SANU Memorandum" whose spiritual father, Dobrica Cosic, attempted to present himself to the public as an opposition democrat, whereas he was, in fact, only a national-communist-factionalist, dissatisfied with the fact that he was not in power. Later, Serbian academicians and politicians proclaimed this document incomplete, which it was in effect, because the second part of the document, with respect to the war, was still being completed in specialised institutions and departments of the General Staff of the so-called JNA.

SANU, with its tendentious re-shaping of history, gave the Serbian regime and its followers the theoretical basis for waging the war against the neighbouring nations. The "Memorandum" was based on the senile ideas and frustrations of SANU members who wished to influence the outcome of Serbian history because they believed that it "was not concluded as successfully as it should have been in 1918". From the point of view of the attacked states, in particular the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the "Memorandum" is a document of aggression because time has shown that the events of the war were simply a means of actualizing the ideas contained within it. Certain events which occurred shortly after the completion of this document are still fresh in our mind, such as the removal of Slovenians, Croatians and Bosniacs-Muslims from government, business and cultural institutions. In accordance with this ideological preparation and with the support of the JNA, the war criminal Karadzic, when speaking in the Bosnian-Herzegovinian parliament, was able to threaten: "Muslims will disappear because there is no one to protect them!" and to claim in the Serbian media in March 1992: "Not only are the Serbs ready for war, they were born for it". (Data from documents of the State Commission for the Collation of Data on War Crimes)

THE ROLE OF VISIONARY-EMIGRANTS IN THE EARLY EXPOSURE OF THE GREATER SERBIAN EVIL
Few people were able to see through the heavy disguise of serbianism and the intentions of Greater Serbian planners. Rare, but valuable sign-posts in this direction were the harsh and instructive reactions of our emigrants and their organizations abroad, who were able, from afar, to objectively observe and adequately evaluate the upcoming danger. For this reason, in the light of past and future analyses of the emergence and development of Greater Serbian hegemonic and conquering assaults upon neighbouring peoples and their sovereign states, the role of emigrants deserves the special attention of scholars in the early exposure of Greater Serbian and other evils which drove them from their homeland.

With almost unmistakable vision and decisive condemnation of Serbian crimes throughout the lengthy history of South-eastern Europe, our emigrants, visionaries of a new era, forewarned the world, pointing out the dangers of Greater Serbian hegemony and expansion. Unfortunately, we did not heed these warnings on time. The price of this negligence is high - thousands of victims of numerous barbaric methods of genocide and other drastic forms of evil. For this reason, the role of our emigrant-visionaries should be taken more seriously, perceived more responsibly and placed at the level which it objectively deserves. Their warnings, advice and experiences were paid by many years of exile and suffering for they felt the weight of the evil on their own skin. Thus, we must believe them. We must hear and listen to them on time. The world will be a better place and our people will be safer and happier if we do so.

In this respect, allow me to present an indicative and very instructive example, familiar to me in great detail.

Mate Sarlija, also known as, General DAIDZA, with a vast knowledge of history and of Serbian crimes committed during a lengthy period of attempts to establish a "Greater Serbia", was himself a victim of Greater Serbian aggression (his father was brutally tortured and killed in Sarajevo, his family was persecuted, he and his older brother were exiled). As a longtime emigrant, General DAIDZA endeavored to convey some of his experiences to the leaders in Bosnia and Herzegovina of the approaching Greater Serbian dangers. As an experienced soldier, he advised that the people prepare themselves for an organized armed resistance against the Serbian aggressor. At that time, immediately prior to the aggression, this well-intentioned warning was not taken seriously.

The people of Bosnia and Herzegovina faced the aggression with significantly less weaponry and ill prepared. Croatia, however, listened to General DAIDZA and proclaimed him first brigadier of the Croatian Army.

- I emphasize this example, as one of many, as indicative and extremely instructive in the evaluation of the position and role of the emigrant-visionary.This category of patriot, immeasurably valuable in the creation of national identities and sovereign states, should be respected as the basic value and pointer in the early, preventive exposure of dangers such as Greater Serbian aggression. We in Bosnia say that those who do not see flagrant events in a nation’s fate are "blind about the eyes". In order that we do not have to use this saying too often, I propose and invite scholars to take into consideration and adequately study, in corresponding scientific research, the mentioned category of patriot, emigrant-visionary.

THE ACTIVE PARTICIPATION OF THE SERBIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH IN THE AGGRESSION
The Serbian Orthodox Church (SPC), with the Holy Bishop’s Synod at the head, has a special place and plays an active role in the complex structure of the crimes of the Greater Serbian onslaught. The role of the Serbian Orthodox Church and especially the Holy Bishop’s Synod was, to say the least, that of an accessory. The palette of these activities is wide and colorful, ranging from its ideological support of Serbian nationalists and fundamentalists to its outright participation in arming its believers. The militant shepherds distributed weapons to their unbridled flocks. Profuse documentation regarding this exists in the archives. Throughout history, there has never been such a direct, unhidden, in a way, insolent, meddling of high-ranking religious dignitaries in ideologically based and even practiced preparations of atrocities.

In the first days of the aggression against Bosnia and Herzegovina, members of the resistance movement in Sarajevo had already discovered several Orthodox priests who were directly arming their alleged believers. Arsenals of infantry and anti-tank armaments were found in the priests’ possession, including special butcher knives and steel wires for strangulation, in other words, silent liquidation. The Orthodox Church in Meljine in Dobrinja, a Sarajevo suburb, still under construction in 1991, was in fact the logistics center of the Serbian paramilitary forces. The church priest used the facilities more for the distribution of weapons, rather than for a place of worship. Because it was located in the immediate proximity of a very large military base of the JNA in Lukavica, this church was a transmission point for weaponry which was secretly transported from the Lukavica base to the church and distributed to parishioners after religious services. The responsibility of the patriarchy of the SPC lies in the fact that it not only participated in the inauguration of the Milosevic regime rather it expected the Milosevic regime to complete its imperial adventure, conscious of the fact that Serbia could gain much more territory and influence. Some of the high dignitaries of the Orthodox Church blamed Milosevic for "betraying the warring and Greater Serbia". The hierarchy of the Serbian Church, however, was not blamed for pushing Serbia into war. Milosevic to them is guilty for unsuccessfully beginning to bring the war to a close. Apart from Milosevic, everyone else is apparently in the right - SANU, SPC, the opposition, the socialists, Chetniks, journalists, the university, the army, the volunteers. If the SPC already knew that Milosevic was guilty, why did it so persistently follow him in his crusade for a "Greater Serbia"? All of these, in fact, were delusions and endeavours. They were playing the game on two fields - militant on one side and alleged peacemaker on the other. Church doctrine does not excuse association with evil forces. The vulgarisation of the Orthodox Church today is prominent, more than ever before. One of the reasons for this lies in the association of the SPC with the governing Serbian nationalists.

The Holy Bishops’ Synod officially announced the militant position of the Orthodox Church at its convention on January 18, 1992. It was then stated that "the church and Serbian nation has never recognized the AVNOJ borders (borders drawn up by the Anti-fascist Council of the National Liberation of Yugoslavia)" and that "no one’s agreements could bind the nation, as a whole, without the nation’s consent and without the blessing of their mother Serbian Orthodox Church". This illustrated that the Serbian Orthodox Church concerned itself more with politics than with religious activities. In December of the same year, the Holy Synod issued a report in which the Serbian Orthodox Church found it adequate to state, alongside all the sufferings of the population of Bosnia and Herzegovina, that mass rape had not been performed by Serbians upon Muslim women in Bosnia and that these were "fabricated accusations serving as dishonorable war propaganda against the Serbian nation as a whole". In May 1993, the Holy Synod supported the referendum, the results of which were rejected by the international community on occupied territories in the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, openly illustrating that it stood behind the aggressor and the aggressor’s objectives. The Serbian patriarch, Pavle, never decidedly condemned the massive atrocities performed by Serbians against Bosnian Muslims and Croatians. He even expressed support of the Serbian army, in effect, condoning their terror against the people of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

THE DISHONORABLE ROLE OF SERBIAN HISTORIANS AND JOURNALISTS
Serbian historians from Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia and Montenegro, played an important role in the theoretical preparation of the aggression against Bosnia and Herzegovina which escalated to unheard of genocide, unprecedented in the history of Europe after World War II. Complying to the principle of "creating history", they offered justification for their premeditated crimes, in advance, providing an alibi before the crime.

Alongside the historians, the media’s role in the preparation of war was almost immeasurable. The so-called "media dogs of war" illustrated that this honorable and truth-loving profession can become the opposite. Breaking all codes and moral norms in the journalist profession, reporters of the state-owned radio, television and press, for a full five years rapidly prepared the Serbian public for the events which would follow in 1991 and 1992 and escalate to aggression and genocide in the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Using such corrupt propaganda, the major part of Serbian public opinion still does not accept other opinions, or arguments and further believes that the world is wrong. In addition to this, they reject reports by independent and, of course, objective agencies from which it can be seen that Serbians committed more war crimes on these territories than Germans during the Second World War.

The scale of evil which the Serbian, Montenegrin and their puppet media on the occupied territories of other states has produced in the last few years, reminds us remarkably of the propaganda machine led by Dr. Goebbels in the Second World War. Such created evil and methods, which were applied as a result of his provocations, lead us to conclude that the actions of the mentioned aggressive and secessionist Serbian media may be viewed as a completely new category of crime against peace and humanity.At the end of this short account of the active participation of the media and their place in the structure of Serbian crimes, I should also mention that the so-called "Serbian television", "Serbian radio" and the papers which are controlled by the regime of criminals, Karadzic and the SDS, are only branches of the propaganda headquarters in Belgrade. Mr. Roy Gutman, the recipient of the Pulitzer prize was indeed correct in saying: "Serbians are experts in psychological operations because they have transformed great lies into an craft".

MILITARY ATTACK UPON CIVILIANS
The basic terminology used in all levels of the polysemic structure of Greater Serbian atrocities in Bosnia and Herzegovina is implicit: military attack upon civilians. We are aware that war is an armed conflict between two or more armies, but what do we call a military attack on unarmed civilians? Only one word exists for this: TERRORISM! This is a characteristic which is most prominent in all axiological levels of our topic. For this reason, in our task of structural categorization of Serbian crimes, we will pay well deserved attention to this part of Greater Serbian polysemic atrocities.The military attack upon civilians is most ruthlessly observed in examples of war crimes against children.

On the territory of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the greatest victims of war are children. From the beginning of the aggression against the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina it was a daily occurrence for children of all ages to be killed, wounded, exiled, imprisoned, raped, used as means of bargaining and as living shields in order for the Serbian aggressors to achieve their objectives. Many children disappeared during the massive expulsion by the aggressor, so today, the fate of numerous children is not known. The majority of casualties among children in Sarajevo were caused by snipers, grenades and mines, but particularly by mass artillery fire which resulted in real massacres. The massive sufferings of children occurred in all municipalities of the city of Sarajevo in Alipasino polje, in front of the UNPROFOR base, in phase "C", while tobogganing, standing in line for humanitarian aid in Dobrinja, and during a game at the sports’ stadium in Dobrinja. Mines and shells took many children’s lives in Sedrenik, Vratnik, Bistrik, Kosevo. For those who are unfamiliar with Sarajevo, this means: everywhere in the city. This is indisputable evidence that the enemy, the Serbo-Montenegrian aggressor, chose his targets. The aggressor bombed the Maternity Hospital and the Children’s Surgery in Sarajevo. Therefore, the aggressor deliberately chose children as targets in their killings. According to data from the Republic Institute for Health Care and the Republic Centre for Health and Social Care since the beginning of the aggression against the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina until August 29, 1994, the number of war victims among children in 61 municipalities is as follows:

• 16,693 children killed, died of hunger and exposure or disappeared, of whom 1,566 were from Sarajevo;
• 34,331 children in the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina were wounded of whom 1,566 were from Sarajevo;
• 1,821 children have thus far been registered as permanently disabled;
• 650,000 children from the entire Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, now living as refugees in other countries;
• 420,000 displaced children on territory under the control of the legal authorities in Bosnia and Herzegovina. This is incomplete data and the correct number is unfortunately greater.Nevertheless, these overwhelming numbers are not the only confirmation of suffering of children because of the Serbian terrorists. The weight of their atrocities is much heavier when we present the structural aspects of crimes against children.Serbian terrorists did not only kill children using artillery weaponry and snipers, they also carried out mass expulsion of children from the temporarily occupied territories. In the Sarajevo region alone, 20,000 children were exiled in this manner.

Female children (minors) on the territory of Grbavica and Vogosca were raped and the majority were subsequently killed. As an example of these monstrous crimes I’ll mention the statement of a young girl from Foca in the Psychiatric Clinic in Sarajevo. I quote: "They took me to the command centre of the Serbian army in Miljevina, in a motel. Everyone was in uniform. They all carried knives, guns and had emblems of the "Serbian Volunteer Guard". First, Pero Elez raped me and threatened that the entire guard would rape me if I resisted."

Foca was among the first cities to be targeted by the Serbian aggressor. This was in fact where the unprecedented genocide against children occurred. Children were held captive in the women’s prison in Foca and subsequently in the secondary school center. Children were maltreated here in various ways, including having to be present at and observe their mothers and other women being raped.

Children served as living shields for the Serbian aggressor, as well: In Kalesija (Hajvazi and Bulatovci) in Sarajevo (on Mount Zuc), in Brcko (in the Brcko harbor) and elsewhere.

Over a hundred women and children on the territory of Rogatice were slaughtered, set on fire and trampled on by armoured vehicles. In Prijedor, 20,000 women and children were exiled, killed and massacred. These are only examples of various forms of the atrocities which the Serbian terrorists used in their genocidal onslaught in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

In the entire structure of the atrocities against children, there were even those perfidious one, disguised as concern for the children in the war. In the forefront of these actvities was the children’s embassy "Medjasi", under the leadership of Dusko Tomic, a KOS (counter intelligence service) officer. In one convoy, organized by this organization, over 7,200 women and children were detained in Ilidza and used to bargain the release of Serbian snipers and other criminals who had been arrested imprisoned by Sarajevo’s defense forces.

Dusko Tomic, a former KOS officer and a Serb from the "Medjasi Village" is still in Sarajevo, a free man and involved in suspiscious, allegedly humanitarian work. His specialty is placing children without parents into homes for homeless children. Although there have been reports from Italy regarding the sale of children from Sarajevo, carried out by the so-called "Children’s Embassy", measures against this KOS officer have still not been taken. This example should be perceived as one of the perfidious forms of Serbian atrocities, extremely indicative in the entire analysis of the forms and types of crimes performed in Bosnia.

The number of examples of Serbian terrorist attacks on civilians is extremely large. We will list only some based on reports by the Commission for Human Rights. One of these reports states that civilians and UN employees were constantly targeted as for example in Gorazde. Weapons, such as anti-aircraft tanks and mortars were used. These attacks occurred daily and resulted in blood baths, according to the report. The massacres in Sarajevo alone: in Ferhadija 1992, Markale 1994, Markale 1995, attacks on the Casualtly and Surgery Clinics, on bakeries and on bread and water lines, give enough reason to say and prove to reasonable people that this is a military attack upon civilians, thus a terrorist act, and not "heroism" in a chivalrous battle among combatants.

DEATH FACTORIES
Contrary to all international conventions and with the goal of physically destroying Bosnians to create ethnically clean territories, from the first day of occupation the Serbian aggressor formed numerous concentration camps and prisons on the territory of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Their occurrence was not a singular or an uncontrollable incident, but rather a functional creation for the realization of the plan for forced exile and relocation of the Bosnian population. Concentration camps and prisons, as one of the most drastic symbols of fascism during World War II, were revived, in a most horrendous manner in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Barbaric, immeasurable crimes, occurred and are still occurring in such camps and prisons.

CONCENTRATION CAMPS
On the territory of the municipalities of Prijedor, Banjaluka, Bosanska Krupa, Bosanski Novi, Brcko, Kljuc, Kotor Varos and Sanski Most, the aggressor formed 50 concentration camps among which as many as 17, were on the territory of the Prijedor municipality. The camps are: Omarska, Trnopolje, Keraterm, Manjaca, Tomasica, Brezina, the sports center in Prijedor and others. The most notorious were of course Omarska, Keraterm, Trnopolje and Manjaca. 45-50 thousand inhabitants of this part of the Bosanska Krajina passed through these camps and the majority were killed there, as were thousands of Croatians and other peoples of Bosnia.

The common characteristics of all these camps are:

• individual and mass murders of prisoners;
• capture and imprisonment of people without legal basis (the only criterion being national - psychological and physical torture in unimaginable forms against imprisoned civilians;
• conditions which do not meet even the most basic needs.

Special types of camps were the so-called women’s camps which were formed in cafe’s, private homes, apartments and hotels and served for sadistic sexual violence, unimaginable psychological torture and the sexual indulgement of the agressors. Victims were usually girls and young women. It was not rare, however, for children (girls 14 and under) and women older than 60 years to be victims as well. The Bosnian tragedy and golgotha is observed most deeply in the tragedy of their women and children. The Chetniks took special pleasure in dishonouring Bosnian women and girls knowing that in World War II Bosnians were known to say to their oppressors: "I give you my life, save my honour!"

ETHNIC CLEANSING OR A TERMINOLOGICAL CAMOUFLAGE OF THE REAL EVIL
As a separate and monstrous form of atrocity, this neoracist act has made an indelible stain on the face of civilized Europe and the world. In Germany there is a sort of judicial table in the Society for the German Language which announced that "ethnic cleansing" was the ugliest term introduced into daily communication in 1992. Without this of course, we know that every war, including this war, Greater Serbia against Croatia and Bosnia, not only has its heroes and cowards, but also its own dictionary or phrase book. And even without this, we can sense that its basis in the evil spirit of its pre-word and all-word is precisely the term "ethnic cleansing". If nothing else, from the context in which it has been used for the past several years, one cannot discern whether it contains something more or something different from the word "genocide", whose place it has taken and completely replaced. A certain Alain Finkielkraut says that "Serbians do not even use Nazi euphemisms, they do not speak ambiguously about some "ultimate cleansing" rather they openly speak of "ethnic cleansing" with their cards on the table". It is true that the Nazi "ultimate solution" is a euphemism, but so is "ethnic cleansing" as its purpose is also to verbally conceal the type of crime which the "ultimate solution" also endeavoured to conceal. So much about the terminological pretenses behind which is concealed the organised resettlement of the population with immeasurable consequences for families and children, entire nations and probably for the definitive picture and fate of contemporary Europe. Finally, let us take a look at the types of euphemisms for the flagrant crime of mass murder used by the Greater Serbian side. One of these terms is "national transformation" which emerged in a speech by the rebel Knin authorities in the spring of 1992, in order to explain the fact there were no Croats in the Slunj municpality although, prior to 1992, 60% of the Slunj municipality was Croat. Another example is found in a letter by Dobrica Cosic to Boutros Ghali, in which he states that this bloody war is in effect a "re-composition of diasporic Balkan nations". In Belgrade they explained to an Italian journalist how Croatians from Vojvodina should be resettled to Croatia, and Serbians from Croatia should be moved into their villages in Vojvodina calling this "demographic compensation".

URBACIDE AND CULTUROCIDE
The very first day of aggression against the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina saw the start of the destruction of the land, towns, villages, cultural and historical monuments, business facilities, factories, infrastructure, residential blocks and sacral objects. The agressor, therefore, systematically destroyed every type of physical manifestation of the architectual filigree tissue of our homeland. Systematically and with all available means, the aggressor destroyed all aspects of life by performing a planned cultural genocide and urbacide simultaneously destroying anything urban, symbolizing the notion of civilization as well as the tradition of co-existence among Bosnian peoples. This was an attack of the rural against the urban. Since the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina is a state of mulitcultural values of architectural and artistic heritage, the aggressor had special reason to attack the wealthy architectural heritage of all traditional styles from all eras. Thus, not only the people in Bosnia were attacked, but everything human. This was an attack on that polysemic group of categories which is popularly referred to as the multiethnic, multidenominational and multicultural centre. This stratified "multi" contains all the beauty of the co-existence and interfusion of nations and their traditions into one civilized and democratic community.

Finally, instead of a conclusion, I remind you that the obvious interaction of various forms and methods in the structure of Greater Serbian crimes is not the result of the systematic realization of their idea. This interfusion of axiological levels of various crimes represents a group of Greater Serbian desires for hegemony and the destruction of everything non-Serbian. The amazing thing is the attack on the identity of a nation, which is close to them - at least on the basis of denominational similarities. For example, Montenegrins and Serbians are both of the Orthodox faith. The inclination of Serbians towards hegemony has escalated in this respect as well. This is an extremely instructive basic characteristic of all Greater Serbian endeavors. Hegemony excludes democracy. When a Serbian says democracy, read dominance. In this respect, the many previous attempts by democratic communities to live with Serbians have suffered a great danger: the imposition of domination! Thus, the category of exclusiveness becomes a definition of Serbian national egoism.

SOURCES OF DATA:

• 1. State Commission for the Collection of Data on War Crimes Committed on Bosnian and Herzegovian territory;
• 2. Results of research by independent organizations
  a) AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL
  b) HELSINKY WATCH;
• 3. Reports from the UN Commission for Human Rights;
• 4. The repoer
• 5. Authentic statements by witnesses and victims of crimes.

Josip Jurcevic: The Serbian Armed Aggression Against Croatia from 1990 to 1995